Coverage

Non-trucking liability insurance

The short answer

Non-trucking liability covers a leased-on owner-operator when the truck is in use but not under dispatch. Your motor carrier insures you while you are working for them; NTL is what responds when you are not.

It is narrower than most drivers assume, and the phrase "not under dispatch" is where almost every dispute starts.

Slide reading "New carriers try to do everything themselves — dispatching without knowing your numbers, buying insurance without guidance, reacting instead of planning. That's expensive."
The coverage gap between dispatched use and personal use of a truck A horizontal timeline of a truck's week. The segments where the truck is dispatched and under load are shown as covered by primary liability. Between them sits an uncovered window where the truck is being driven for personal reasons, not in the business of the motor carrier. That window is where non-trucking liability applies. Whether a particular policy leaves this gap depends on its own wording. COVERED COVERED GAP ? DISPATCHED UNDER LOAD PERSONAL USE BOBTAIL DISPATCHED UNDER LOAD ONE TRUCK · ONE WEEK NON-TRUCKING LIABILITY
The window primary liability may not reach FIG-09
What your policy should list
"Did you know?" slide: when reviewing your commercial truck policy, consider whether you have auto liability, cargo coverage, physical damage, and trailer interchange or non-owned trailer coverage if applicable.
Slide one, "Commercial Trucking Insurance — protection for your rig and liability". Why it matters: covers accidents, liability, cargo and downtime. Common mistakes: choosing the cheapest option, not having enough coverage, and not understanding exclusions.
Slide headed "Take note!": "When getting a quote for insurance, it's more advantageous to contact an insurance broker than to contact a major carrier directly." Attributed to Shay Denise.

Who this is for — and who it is not

  • You need NTL if: you own the truck and are leased on to a motor carrier, running under their authority and their primary liability.
  • You do not need NTL if: you run under your own authority. You carry primary liability, which already covers you in business use. Anyone selling you NTL instead of primary liability is selling you something that will not respond when you need it.

That second point is worth being blunt about. It is the most consequential mis-sale in this corner of the market, and it usually surfaces after an accident rather than before.

Don't buy insurance just to activate your authority.

— Shay Denise, Jul 31, 2026
The actual question

What counts as "under dispatch"?

Coverage flips depending on the answer, so it is worth understanding where the clear ground ends.

Situations and which policy is likely to respond
Situation Likely to respond
Loaded, en route to a delivery Motor carrier's primary liability
Driving home after your last drop, dispatch closed Non-trucking liability
Personal errands on a home day Non-trucking liability
Deadheading to your next assigned pickup Contested. Usually treated as business use — check your policy
Driving to a repair shop mid-week Contested. Depends on wording and on your lease
Truck parked, unattended Neither — that is physical damage or comprehensive

The two contested rows are where claims are denied. Read the definition of "non-trucking use" in your own policy and compare it with the dispatch language in your lease. If the two documents disagree, you have a problem that only shows up after an accident.

Reading the policy properly
Slide reading "The moment you buy your truck and start your company, you become a business man or woman. Treat your company like a business."
Slide numbered 3, "A Second Opinion": before you renew, have someone review your policy — you may be overpaying, underinsured, or both.
Slide numbered 2, "Better Coverage": the cheapest policy is not always the least expensive — missing one endorsement could cost thousands at claim time.
Her working method
Slide numbered 1, "Thoroughly Vet Brokers": verify authority by checking the MC number and valid operating authority, and research reputation through reviews and testimonials.
Slide numbered 2, "Use Trusted Load Boards": stick to reputable platforms with verification processes in place to prevent double brokering.
Slide numbered 3, "Request the Bill of Lading": cross-reference the BOL against your agreement and the broker's original offer, and retain a copy as a legal document.

What it does not cover

  • Your truck. That is physical damage.
  • The freight. That is cargo insurance.
  • Anything while you are under dispatch. That is the motor carrier's policy — and the entire design of NTL.
  • Your own injuries. That is occupational accident cover or workers compensation.

If you are thinking about getting your own authority

The insurance picture changes completely the day you do. NTL comes off, primary liability goes on, cargo becomes your responsibility, and the premium goes up by a large multiple. That cost belongs in the decision before you file, not after.

What insurance a new authority actually needs →

Check the wording against your lease

Send me your NTL policy and your lease agreement. The gap between how the two define dispatch is the exposure, and almost nobody has looked at both side by side.

Insurance is offered through Shay Denise, a licensed property and casualty producer. Coverage is subject to the terms, conditions and exclusions of the policy actually issued. Nothing on this page is a binder, a quote, or an offer of coverage.

Three insurance quotes fanned out, with the exclusions being read Three policy quote documents fanned across a desk. The front document is open and a magnifier sits over its exclusions section rather than over the premium. Two further quotes sit behind it, indicating that an independent broker shops several carriers rather than quoting one. PREMIUM LIMITS EXCLUSIONS SIGNATURE READ THIS FIRST NOT THE PREMIUM
Shopping several carriers, then reading the one you sign FIG-04
The regulation

The filing this is often confused with

Non-trucking liability is not a federal requirement and nothing about it is filed. The confusion is usually with the MCS-90, which is a different document doing a different job — worth settling before you decide what you are buying.

The MCS-90 is an endorsement attached to your policy and kept at your principal place of business. The document filed with FMCSA is the BMC-91 or BMC-91X certificate.

Commonly got wrong: MYTH: "the MCS-90 is your insurance policy" and "you file the MCS-90 with FMCSA". Two different documents, two different places. The MCS-90 obliges the insurer to pay a judgment even where the policy would otherwise exclude it.

For-hire carriers hauling non-hazardous property in vehicles with a GVWR of 10,001 lb or more must carry at least $750,000 in public liability coverage.

Commonly got wrong: Part 387 was last amended 91 FR 45660, 21 Jul 2026 — the $750,000 figure survived that amendment.

FAQ

Non-trucking liability questions

What is non-trucking liability?

Liability coverage for a leased-on owner-operator when the truck is being used but not under dispatch — the personal-use gap. Your motor carrier's policy covers you while you are working for them. NTL is what responds when you are not.

Is bobtail the same thing?

People use the words interchangeably and they are not identical. Bobtail traditionally means driving the tractor without a trailer attached, whatever the purpose. Non-trucking liability is defined by whether you are in business use, trailer or no trailer. NTL is the broader and the more commonly written of the two — but read what your policy actually says rather than assuming from the name.

Do I need it if I have my own authority?

No. NTL is for owner-operators leased on to a motor carrier. Under your own authority you carry primary liability, which covers you in business use. Being sold NTL as a substitute for primary liability would be a serious mis-sale.

What counts as "not under dispatch"?

That is the whole fight, and it is why claims get denied. Driving home after your last delivery. Taking the truck for personal errands on a home day. Repositioning without a load assignment. The gray areas — deadheading to your next pickup, driving to a repair shop — are where insurers and carriers disagree, and the answer lives in your specific policy wording and your lease.

Does it cover cargo or the truck?

Neither. NTL is liability only — injury and damage you cause to others. The truck itself is physical damage. Freight is cargo insurance.

Why is it so cheap compared to primary liability?

Because it covers a fraction of the exposure. You are insured for the hours you are not working, which is when the truck is least likely to be involved in a serious commercial loss. That is also why it is not a substitute for anything.

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